Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY): Premium, Coverage and Claim
Fasal Bima Yojana, officially the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY), is India’s main crop insurance scheme, and it protects farmers against losses from drought, flood, hailstorm, pests, disease and several other natural risks for a very low premium. Farmers pay only 2 percent of the sum insured for kharif foodgrain and oilseed crops, 1.5 percent for rabi, and up to 5 percent for commercial and horticultural crops, while the government pays the rest. This guide explains what the scheme covers, how premium and claims work, how to enrol for the rabi season and what to do when a loss happens.
Dates and procedures differ by state and insurer, so confirm the final enrolment date at your bank or Common Service Centre.
Quick answer: Under Fasal Bima Yojana, farmers pay 2% premium for kharif foodgrain and oilseeds, 1.5% for rabi and up to 5% for commercial and horticultural crops. Cover includes drought, flood, hail, cyclone, pests and diseases, prevented sowing, localised calamities and post-harvest losses. Report a loss quickly, usually within 72 hours, using the Crop Insurance app, helpline 14447, your bank or the agriculture office.
Key takeaways
- Farmer premium is fixed low: 2 percent for kharif foodgrain and oilseeds, 1.5 percent for rabi and up to 5 percent for commercial and horticultural crops.
- The remaining premium is shared equally by the Centre and the state, with a 90:10 split for North-Eastern and Himalayan states.
- Cover includes standing crop loss, prevented or failed sowing (up to 25 percent of the sum insured), localised calamities and post-harvest losses for up to 14 days.
- The government allocated ₹12,200 crore for the scheme in 2026-27, and the scheme ran in 25 states and Union Territories in kharif 2026.
- Claims depend on timely loss reporting and on yield data, so keep your records and report quickly.
सारांश (हिंदी): प्रधानमंत्री फसल बीमा योजना में किसान को खरीफ अनाज और तिलहन पर 2%, रबी पर 1.5% और वाणिज्यिक व बागवानी फसलों पर अधिकतम 5% प्रीमियम देना होता है। सूखा, बाढ़, ओलावृष्टि, कीट-रोग, बुवाई न हो पाना और स्थानीय आपदाएँ कवर होती हैं। नुकसान की सूचना जल्द से जल्द, आम तौर पर 72 घंटे के भीतर, क्रॉप इंश्योरेंस ऐप, हेल्पलाइन 14447 या बैंक के ज़रिए दें।
Fasal Bima Yojana premium: what you pay
The scheme keeps the farmer’s share low. Insurance companies charge a full actuarial premium, and the government pays the difference.
| Crop group | Farmer pays (% of sum insured) |
|---|---|
| Kharif foodgrain and oilseed crops | 2% |
| Rabi foodgrain and oilseed crops | 1.5% |
| Commercial and horticultural crops | Maximum 5% |
A worked example of Fasal Bima Yojana premium
Say the sum insured for your rabi wheat is ₹40,000 per hectare. At 1.5 percent, you pay ₹600 per hectare, and the Centre and the state pay the balance of the premium. The sum insured differs by crop, district and year, so check the notified figure at your bank or on the portal. This example only shows the arithmetic.
What Fasal Bima Yojana covers
The scheme covers losses at several stages of the crop cycle. The table lists the main cover and the main exclusions.
| Stage or risk | What is covered |
|---|---|
| Prevented or failed sowing | Claim of up to 25% of the sum insured when sowing is prevented by deficient rain or adverse conditions |
| Standing crop | Losses from drought, flood, inundation, cyclone, hailstorm, lightning, pests and diseases |
| Localised calamities | Farm-level hailstorm, landslide, inundation, cloudburst and natural fire |
| Post-harvest | Crop in cut-and-spread drying condition for up to 14 days against cyclone and unseasonal rain |
| Not covered | War, nuclear risks, riots, theft, negligence, preventable risks and some post-harvest conditions |
The 2026 monsoon ended at 87 percent of normal, and in dry areas claims for prevented sowing or drought may matter. Read our monsoon update for the regional picture.
Who can enrol in Fasal Bima Yojana
- Farmers growing notified crops in notified areas, including sharecroppers and tenant farmers where the state allows it.
- Loanee farmers who take a crop loan, including a Kisan Credit Card loan, are covered through their bank, and the premium is deducted from the loan unless they opt out in writing before the cut-off.
- Non-loanee farmers enrol voluntarily through a bank, a Common Service Centre, an insurance agent or the national crop insurance portal.
Learn how crop loans work in our Kisan Credit Card guide.
How to enrol in Fasal Bima Yojana for the rabi season
Enrolment for each season has a cut-off date, and for rabi it is commonly around the end of December, though states and crops differ. Do not wait for the last day.
- Find your notified crop and area. Check that your crop and village are notified in your state’s list.
- Collect documents. Aadhaar, bank passbook, land record, sowing declaration and a recent photograph.
- Choose where to enrol. Visit your bank branch, a Common Service Centre or the national crop insurance portal.
- Fill the form with crop, area sown and bank details. Check every detail carefully.
- Pay the farmer share of the premium and get a receipt and policy number.
- Save proof. Keep the receipt, the application number and the sowing certificate.
Documents for Fasal Bima Yojana
- Aadhaar card or other identity proof.
- Bank passbook showing the account number and IFSC code.
- Land record such as khasra, khatauni or the state equivalent, or a tenancy document.
- Sowing certificate or self-declaration of the crop sown, where required.
- Passport-size photograph.
How to claim under Fasal Bima Yojana
A claim depends on the type of loss. Widespread losses are settled from crop-cutting yield data, while localised losses need an individual report.
- Report the loss quickly. For localised calamities such as hail, flood or fire, inform the insurer within 72 hours through the Crop Insurance app, the helpline 14447, your bank or the agriculture office.
- Give details. Share your policy number, crop, area and the cause and date of loss, with photos if possible.
- Allow the assessment. A surveyor visits to assess the loss, or the yield estimate from crop-cutting experiments is used.
- Track the claim. Ask your bank or insurer for the status and keep your phone number active.
- Receive payment. Approved claims are paid by direct transfer to your bank account.
- Raise a grievance if needed. Use the helpline, the portal or your district agriculture office.
| Type of loss | How it is assessed |
|---|---|
| Area-wide yield loss (for example drought) | Based on crop-cutting experiment yields compared with the threshold yield |
| Prevented sowing | Notified by the state when rain or conditions prevent sowing across an area |
| Localised calamity (hail, flood, landslide, fire) | Individual farm assessment after your report |
| Post-harvest loss | Farm assessment for crop drying in the field after harvest |
Scheme systems that support claims
Official material describes digital tools that speed up settlement: a claims module that processes and pays claims, the CCE-Agri app that records crop-cutting yield data, an app for assessing localised loss, and the Krishi Rakshak portal and helpline 14447 for grievances. Reported figures say that more than 26 crore farmer applications have received claims worth over ₹2 lakh crore since the scheme began. Use those numbers as context and not as a guarantee for your own claim.
Common Fasal Bima Yojana mistakes
- Missing the enrolment cut-off date.
- Declaring a wrong crop or area, which can reduce or cancel a claim.
- Waiting too long to report a localised loss.
- Assuming that loanee farmers need to do nothing, even if they want to opt out or check details.
- Paying an agent extra money. The farmer share is fixed, and you should pay only that.
- Not keeping the receipt, policy number and sowing proof.
Fasal Bima Yojana: your rabi checklist
Check that your crop is notified, gather your documents, enrol early at your bank or Common Service Centre, and keep every receipt. Save the helpline 14447 and your policy number on your phone, and report any loss immediately.
Plan your sowing with the crop calendar and see the new support prices in Rabi MSP 2027-28. For more schemes, browse Government Schemes for Farmers or return to the Harvest homepage.
Data note: premium rates, coverage, allocation and claim statistics come from official scheme material as summarised in public sources in September 2026, and the 72-hour intimation rule is the commonly stated scheme norm. Enrolment dates, sums insured and procedures vary by state and insurer. The Harvest is an independent information website. It is not an insurer or agent and is not affiliated with any government body.
Fasal Bima Yojana: frequently asked questions
What is Fasal Bima Yojana?
Fasal Bima Yojana, officially the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY), is India's main crop insurance scheme. It covers crop losses from natural risks for a low farmer premium.
How much premium do farmers pay under Fasal Bima Yojana?
Farmers pay 2 percent of the sum insured for kharif foodgrain and oilseeds, 1.5 percent for rabi and a maximum of 5 percent for commercial and horticultural crops.
What does Fasal Bima Yojana cover?
It covers drought, flood, hailstorm, cyclone, lightning, pests and diseases, prevented sowing up to 25 percent of the sum insured, localised calamities and post-harvest losses for up to 14 days.
How do I claim under Fasal Bima Yojana?
Report the loss within 72 hours through the Crop Insurance app, helpline 14447, your bank or the agriculture office, give policy details and photos, and allow assessment. Approved claims are paid by bank transfer.
Who can enrol in Fasal Bima Yojana?
Farmers growing notified crops in notified areas, including eligible tenants and sharecroppers. Loanee farmers are covered through their bank, and non-loanee farmers enrol voluntarily.
What is the last date for rabi enrolment?
The cut-off differs by state and crop and is commonly around the end of December. Confirm the exact date with your bank, Common Service Centre or agriculture office.
How much money is allocated to the scheme in 2026-27?
Official material reports an allocation of ₹12,200 crore for 2026-27, with the scheme implemented in 25 states and Union Territories in kharif 2026.
